All quasivalues rest on a set of three basic axioms (efficiency, null player, and additivity), which are augmented with positivity for random order values, and with positivity and partnership for weighted values. We introduce the concept of Möbius value associated with a sharing system and show that this value is characterized by the above three axioms. We then establish that (i) a Möbius value...

This note critically evaluates the ‘macro-monetary’ interpretation of Marx’s theory presented by Moseley (2000) in opposition to the traditional view rooted in the early work of Bortkiewicz. The first part argues that the textual evidence from Capital sharply contrasts with the basic premise of Moseley’s interpretation, i.e. the claim that the inputs of constant capital and variable capital ent...

This paper responds to Ravagnani’s critique of my “macro-monetary” interpretation of Marx’s theory. The first section briefly reviews the key points of my interpretation, with special emphasis on the determination of the initial inputs of constant capital and variable capital. The second section replies to Ravagnani’s criticism that my interpretation is subject to a severe “analytical limitatio...

Does ethical differentiation of products affect market behavior? We examined this issue in triopolistic experimental markets where producers set prices. One producer’s costs were higher than the others. In two treatments, the additional costs were attributed to compliance with ethical guidelines. In the third, no justification was provided. Many consumers reduced their experimental gains by pur...

This paper critically analyses the strongly subjectivist approach to exploitation theory recently proposed by Matsuo ([7]), in the context of general convex economies with heterogeneous agents. It is proved that the Fundamental Marxian Theorem is not preserved in his subjectivist approach, contrary to Matsuo’s claims, and that no meaningful subjectivist exploitation index can be constructed. It...

The marginalist and subjectivist revolution led by Carl Menger during the second half of nineteenth century turned Economics into a science. However, classical value theory did not completely fade away it has been trying continiously to replace subjetivist theory. most serious exhaustive attempt recover in its Ricardian version was one developed italian economist Piero Sraffa. This article seek...

The Net Present Value maximizing model has a respectable ancestry and is considered by most scholars a theoretically sound decision model. In real-life applications, decision makers use the NPV rule, but apply a subjectively determined hurdle rate, as opposed to the “correct” opportunity cost of capital. According to a heuristics-and-biases-program approach, this implies that the hurdle-rate ru...

The classical APT model is of the form j j j j EI I r E r ε β + − = − ) ( ) ( , where ) ( j j r E r − is the earning deviation (called basic variance-profit) of the security I j, is a common factor. This paper considers the impact on the securities return caused by the skewness and kurtosis of the stock returns distributions, and poses a re-modified the arbitrage pricing model as follows j j j ...

Compendious and thorough solutions to the existence of a linear price equilibrium problem, the secondwelfare theorem, and the limit theoremon the core are provided for exchange economieswhose consumption sets are the positive cone of arbitrary ordered Fréchet spaces—dispensing entirely with the assumption that the vector ordering of the commodity space is a lattice. The motivation comes from ec...

A simple counterexample shows that the widely used WACC approach to value leverage firms developed by Miles and Ezzell can create an arbitrage opportunity. The only consequence to be drawn is that their WACC approach cannot be applied under the circumstances assumed by Miles and Ezzell. We show how the WACC has to be modified in order to obtain proper results. We develop a theory in continuous ...